"Emission Factors and Financial Risk" explores the relationship between quantifiable measures of pollutant emissions and the associated economic uncertainties faced by businesses and investors. Emission factors are standardized coefficients that estimate the amount of pollutants released per unit of activity, such as fuel burned or product manufactured. These factors are critical for calculating greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants, enabling regulatory compliance and environmental impact assessments. Financial risk arises when companies are exposed to costs related to emissions, including carbon pricing, taxes, or penalties under environmental regulations. Accurate emission factors help organizations predict potential liabilities and assess the financial implications of their environmental footprint. Misestimating emissions can lead to under- or over-reporting, resulting in unexpected expenses, reputational damage, or missed opportunities for emissions trading and credits. Furthermore, investors increasingly consider emission-related risks when evaluating companies, as stricter environmental policies and market shifts toward sustainability can affect asset values. Therefore, reliable emission factors are essential for transparent reporting, risk management, and strategic decision-making, helping businesses mitigate financial risks linked to environmental regulations and climate change initiatives.