Scope 3 emissions refer to the indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that occur in a company’s value chain, both upstream and downstream, excluding Scope 1 (direct emissions) and Scope 2 (indirect emissions from purchased energy). These emissions often represent the largest portion of a company’s carbon footprint, encompassing activities such as raw material extraction, product use, transportation, and waste disposal. Transparency imperatives around Scope 3 emissions have intensified as stakeholders—including investors, regulators, customers, and NGOs—demand greater accountability for environmental impacts beyond a company’s direct operations. Accurate measurement and disclosure of Scope 3 emissions are crucial for identifying key emission drivers, setting effective reduction targets, and mitigating climate risks. However, challenges persist due to data complexity, lack of standardized methodologies, and dependence on third-party data. To address these challenges, frameworks like the Greenhouse Gas Protocol and initiatives such as the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) provide guidance for comprehensive Scope 3 accounting and reporting. Enhanced transparency in Scope 3 emissions promotes informed decision-making, supports regulatory compliance, and fosters trust among stakeholders, ultimately driving more sustainable business practices across entire value chains.