Key Metrics Used in Emissions Reporting

Key metrics used in emissions reporting are essential for tracking, managing, and regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) and pollutant emissions. Commonly reported metrics include: 1. **Total Emissions**: The aggregate amount of emissions released, typically expressed in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) for GHGs, which standardizes different gases based on their global warming potential. 2. **Emission Intensity**: Measures emissions relative to a unit of output, such as CO2e per unit of production, energy generated, or revenue. This metric helps assess efficiency and improvements over time. 3. **Scope 1, 2, and 3 Emissions**: Categorizes emissions into direct emissions from owned sources (Scope 1), indirect emissions from purchased energy (Scope 2), and other indirect emissions across the value chain (Scope 3). 4. **Emission Factors**: Standardized coefficients that estimate emissions per activity level (e.g., fuel combustion), used for calculating emissions when direct measurement is unavailable. 5. **Baseline Emissions**: Reference emissions levels against which progress is measured, often established for specific years. 6. **Reduction Targets and Progress**: Quantitative goals for emission reductions and tracking actual reductions achieved. These metrics provide transparency, enable regulatory compliance, support corporate sustainability goals, and inform climate policy development. Accurate emissions reporting hinges on standardized methodologies and reliable data collection.